| Client/Server |
A software architecture in which client applications (and sometimes computers) request services from a server (may be an independent computer). This physical architecture is typically used for a database management system that serves multiple uses of an application.
|
| Conformant |
Conformance to this standard means that a component that is 'TCIP conformant' can successfully compile and interpret an object or grouping of objects (e.g., TCIP data elements and messages) specified in an ASN.1 module and sent in a message template prescribed by this standard." [NTCIP 1400, p., 4]
|
| Data Description Language |
A formal method used to represent the meaning and syntax of information of interest.
|
| Data Dictionary |
An information technology for documenting, storing, and retrieving the syntactical form (i.e., representational form) and some semantics of data elements and other data concepts." [IEEE DD 1999, p., 2]
|
| Data Element |
A syntactically formal representation of some single unit of information of interest (such as a fact, proposition, or observation), with a singular instance value at any one point in time, about some entity of interest (e.g., person, place, etc)." [IEEE DD 1999, p., 2]
|
| Data Format |
The syntactic representation of an object.
|
Data Frame |
"A grouping of data elements primarily for the purpose of referring to the group with a single name, and thereby efficiently reusing groups of data elements that commonly appear together...in a message body specification. This data concept type may, however, be used to specify groups of data for other purposes as well." [IEEE MST 2000, p., 2]
|
| Data Model |
A logical map of data which represents the inherent properties of the data independently of the software, hardware, or machine performance considerations." [Martin 2, p., 457]
|
| Data Policy |
Rules on how data is described, used, maintained and accessed within an organization or information enterprise.
|
| Data Type |
A classification of the collection of letters, digits, and/or symbols used to encode values of a data element based upon the operations that can be performed on the data element." [IEEE DD 1999, p., 3]
|
| Database Management System (DBMS) |
"The collection of software required for using a database, and presenting multiple different views of the data to the users and programmers. The system software manages the database, provides for logical and physical data independence, controls redundancy, and enforces integrity constraints, privacy, and security." [Martin 2, p., 459]
|
| Dialog |
An ordered sequence of messages (information exchanges) occurring between two or more components.
|
| Information Enterprise |
The information needed by "an organization that exists to perform a mission and to achieve objectives." [Martin 2, p., 461]
|
| Information Technology |
"The merging of computing and high-speed communication links carrying data, sound and video." [Martin 2, p., 468]
|
| Mapping |
"A definition of the way records are associated with one another." [Martin 2, p., 472.]
|
| Message |
"A grouping of data elements, as well as associated message metadata, that is used to convey a complete unit of information. [A] message is an abstract description using a message set template (MST)" [IEEE MST 2000, p., 2]
|
| Message Set Template |
"An abstract structure addressing the message attributes and syntax used to specify ITS messages, as well as rules for producing message standards using the MST (e.g., conformance statements)." [IEEE MST 2000, p., 3]
|
MID
(SAEJ1708) |
Message identification character used to identify the message format including associated parameters or PIDs. [adapted from SAE J1587 documentation]
|
| Migration |
"1. The process whereby an enterprise transfers data and procedures from an existing information system to a new system and organizes business functions to make best use of the new system. 2. The process of conversion, installation, and transition." [Martin 2, p., 472]
|
PID
(SAEJ1708) |
Parameter Identification Character - the first character of every parameter; identifies the parameters in a message. [adapted from SAE J1587 documentation]
|
| Profile |
"A collection of one or more standards with applicable options, parameters and constraints within the standards, and if necessary additional nonstandard functionalities, needed to provide or support a particular function, application or platform." [Rauch]
|
Relational Database
[see database management system] |
"A database made up of relations that uses a database management system and has the capability to recombine data items to form different relations, thus giving great flexibility in the usage of data." [Martin 2, p., 480]
|
| Schema |
1. A map of the overall logical structure of a database. 2. A schema consists of the data description language entries and is a complete description of all the area, set occurrences, record occurrences, and associated data items and data aggregates as they exist in a database or enterprise. [Martin 2, p., 482]
|
SID
(SAE J1708) |
The subsystem identification assignment are numbers assigned by the SAE staff or the Data Format Subcommittee that can be used to identify a section of a control without reference to a related PID. [adapted from SAE J1587 documentation]
|
| Software Architecture |
"An architecture is a description of system structures, the relationships among components and connectors" that is used to "achieve developmental simplicity and future modifability." [Bass]
|
| SQL |
Structured Query Language is a language used to formulate relational operations (i.e., operations that define and manipulate data in relational form). [McGovern]
|
System Table
[database] |
A table that contains all the descriptions, constraints, procedures and rules that apply to an instance of a database.
|
| TCIP Object |
A data element, data frame or message contained in the TCIP standard.
|
| Transit Reference Model |
A data model that describes the business objects supported by the transit information enterprise or part of the transit information enterprise.
|
| XML |
Extensible Markup Language is a data description language that is used for storing and serving data for exchange. XML tags delineate information which may then be parsed by another application. A database process may be developed to output XML tagged data in a file for transfer.
|
Glossary References
[Bass] Bass, Len, et.al. Software Architecture in Practice. Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., Reading MA 1998.
[Martin] Martin, James, Information Engineering. Books I through III, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1990.
[McGovern] McGovern, D. and C.J. Date, A Guide to Sybase and SQL Server. Addison-Wesley, Inc., Reading MA 1993.
[Rauch] Rauch, Wendy B. Distributed Open Systems Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, NY, 1996.
|
| API |
Application Programming Interface
|
| ASN.1 |
Abstract Syntax Notation One
|
| ATIS |
Advanced Traveler Information System
|
| BER |
Basic Encoding Rules
|
| CLI |
Callable Level Interface
|
| COM1 |
Common Object
|
| CORBA |
Common Object Request Broker Architecture
|
| COTS |
Commercial Off the Shelf Software
|
| DBMS |
Data Base Management System
|
| DCE |
Distributed Computing Environment
|
| DSRC |
Dedicated Short Range Communication
|
| FTA |
Federal Transit Administration
|
| HTML |
Hypertext Markup Language
|
| HTTP |
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
|
| IEEE |
Institute of Electronic and Electrical Engineers
|
| IP |
Internet Protocol
|
| IT |
Information Technology
|
| ITE |
Institute of Transportation Engineers
|
| ITS |
Intelligence Transportation Systems
|
| MID |
Message Identifier (from SAE J1708 Standard)
|
| NEMA |
National Equipment and Manufacturing Association
|
| NTCIP |
National Transportation Communications for ITS Protocols
|
| ODBC |
Open Database Connectivity
|
| OSI |
Open System Interconnect (Reference Model)
|
| PER |
Packed Encoding Rules
|
| PID |
Parameter Identifier (from SAE J1708 standard)
|
| PTV |
Public Transportation Vehicle
|
| RFP |
Request for Proposal
|
| SAE |
Society of Automotive Engineers
|
| SDO |
Standard Development Organization
|
| SOAP |
Simple Object Access Protocol
|
| SQL |
Structured Query Language
|
| TCIP |
Transit Communication Interface Profile
|
| TCIP1 |
TCIP Phase 1 (consists of Business Area Data Dictionaries)
|
| TCIP2 |
TCIP Phase 2 (consists of functional requirements for dialog standard)
|
| TCIP 2.x |
APTA TCIP Dialog Standard effort
|
| TCP |
Transmission Control Protocol
|
| TWG |
Technical Working Group (of the TCIP Standards Committee)
|
| UML |
Unified Modeling Language
|
| URL |
Uniform Resource Locator
|
| W3C |
World Wide Web Consortium
|
| XML |
Extensible Markup Language
|
| XSLT |
Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations
|
